• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1150415A1
    申请号:SE1150415
    申请日:2011-05-10
    公开日:2011-11-12
    发明作者:Timo Neuvonen；Mika Hannonen；Timo Tolppa
    申请人:Waratah Om Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    15 20 25 30 35 several tree trunks at a time instead of one tree trunk even though the unit already holds previously cut tree trunks collected in it. The tree trunks to be treated with grippers, against which feed rollers are to be replaced, may also have a smaller diameter are the thinnest tree trunks normally treated with the mat rollers.
    Expressed in a more precise manner, the method and the multi-use harvester assembly according to the invention are characterized by what is presented in the patent claims.
    Since the feed rollers, which are to be turned towards the tree trunk for the time of felling of energy timber according to the method according to the invention, as well as the drive devices and other parts relating thereto, can be removed from the multi-purpose harvester assembly according to the invention, the multi-purpose harvester assembly becomes narrower and lighter. its usefulness in dense stands of energy forest. Thanks to its lightness, the multi-purpose harvester head can also be moved with a lighter and smaller forestry machine.
    This also facilitates the use of the multi-purpose harvester head in densely growing stands of energy forest. The same multi-purpose harvester head can be used again even in normal final fellings, when the feed rollers and the other necessary parts are reassembled instead of the grippers used for driving power timber. In other words, the method and the multi-purpose harvester assembly according to the invention have the advantage that the same harvester assembly can be used both in final felling and in the operation of energy timber in a profitable manner even if the proportion of one of these would be relatively small, as the cost of necessary accessories and replacement work causes not even nearly as large costs as the acquisition of two separate harvesting units for final felling and for the operation of energy timber.
    In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which figure 1a shows from the front a multi-purpose harvester unit according to the invention, when the grippers used for driving energy wood 10 1 20 20 25 30 35 figure 1b fi gur2a fi gur2b figure 3 fi gur4 figure 5 figure 6 is mounted, but also shows one of the feed rollers to be turned towards the tree trunk, shows the multi-purpose harvester assembly according to figure 1a, seen in the direction from a feed roller to be turned towards the tree trunk and shown in figure 1a, shows from the front a multi-purpose harvester assembly according to figures 1a and 1b when the grippers used for driving energy timber are mounted, without the feed roller to be turned towards the tree trunk and shown in Figures 1a and 1b, showing from the side the multi-purpose harvester assembly according to Figure 2a, showing obliquely from below grippers replaced instead of previous feeds - rolls in the multi-purpose harvester unit according to the previous figures, and shows obliquely from below some other grippers according to the invention which can be replaced instead of the feed rollers in the multi-purpose harvester assembly according to Figures 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b, show obliquely from below a further multi-purpose harvester assembly provided with grippers according to the invention which deviate slightly from the grippers shown in the preceding figures. towards the body of the multi-purpose harvester assembly, shows obliquely from below the multi-purpose harvester assembly provided with grippers according to Figure 5, when the grippers are open.
    Figures 1a, 1b and 2a and 2b show a multi-use harvester assembly which is realized according to the method according to the invention and in which grippers can be mounted instead of mat rollers which are reversible against a tree trunk for treating several tree trunks at a time and which can thus also be used for driving. of energy wood better than ordinary harvester heads that are designed and intended primarily for final felling. Figures 1a and 1b also show one of the feed rollers 6 'which are reversible against a tree trunk and instead of which the grippers are attached.
    The application shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b shows a frame 1 which is attached to the crane head of the forestry machine by a normal turning device 2 and a hinge 3. In the case of the normal use of the multi-purpose harvester head, there are pruning blades 4a-4c in the case of normal use of the multi-purpose harvester head. which is used for pruning tree trunks, and in its rear part there is a chain saw 5 which is used for cutting tree trunks in connection of both drive modes. These parts of the multi-purpose harvester assembly shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b are realized in a manner known per se, and a more detailed description of them is therefore not necessary in this context.
    The multi-purpose harvester assembly according to Figures 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b differs from a conventional harvester assembly in that the feed rollers present in the central part of its frame 1 which are to be turned towards a tree trunk and the upper feed rollers are replaced by special grippers 6a and 6b and a counterpart 7 to hold an already previously cut tree trunk when more tree trunks are taken into the harvester head. In this application, the most important part of the grippers 6a and 6b is formed by clamps 8a-8c which face the tree trunks to be treated, in a manner similar to the reversible mat rollers. The counterpart 7 is a part which is to be fastened in a detachable manner instead of the fastening body of the feed rollers and against which the tree trunks are pressed when they are held in the grip of the multi-purpose harvester assembly. In figure 3, the grippers 6a and 6b and the counterpart 7 are shown detached from the body 1 of the harvester unit.
    As can be seen in Figure 3, seen in the direction of Figure 2a, the gripper 6a located on the right side of the frame 1 consists of two spacers 8a and 8b spaced apart from each other, and the gripper located on the left side of the frame consists of a clamp 8c located between the clamps of the right gripper. The grippers 6a and 6b are mounted on the frame 1, on shafts in the same place as the twig blades 4a-4c, with fastening joints 9a and 9b rotatable towards the tree trunk such as the twig blades 4a-4c (or rotatable feed rollers). In this application, the turning of the grippers 6a and 6b is provided by the same hydraulic cylinders 10a and 10b which turn feed rollers which are normally in place of them. Because of this, when mounting the grippers 6a and 6b instead of the feed rollers, the hydraulic cylinders 10a and 10b facing the feed rollers are not removed from the drive rollers of the feed rollers at the center of the body 1, but their movable ends are connected to pivot arms 11a and 11b on the grippers 6a and 6b. It should be noted that in a multi-purpose harvester assembly according to the method according to the invention, the fastenings of the feed rollers are realized e.g. with such screws that they can be removed from the body 1 by the multi-purpose harvester and reassembled as easily and quickly as possible with standard tools intended for loosening and fastening the screw or corresponding fasteners to be fastened in a detachable manner. Hose couplings of hydraulic motors that drive the feed rollers are also realized by using suitable bayonet couplings or corresponding relatively easily detachable and reconnectable connecting parts.
    The grippers 6a and 6b in this case consist of clamping devices 8a-8c, pivot joints 9a and 9b and pivot arms 11a and 11b. The grippers 8a and 6b of the grippers 6a and 6b and pivot arms 11a and 11b are made of disc-shaped pieces of a sufficiently strong and rigid material (eg sheet steel pieces), and the pivot joints 9a and 9b are made of e.g. sleeve-shaped pieces of the same material as the clamps 8a-8c and the swingarms 11a and 11b as well as shafts 12a and 12b which are adapted to them without play but in an easily reversible manner and through which the grippers are attached to the body of the multi-purpose harvester assembly. The pivot arms 11a and 11b are connected at their first ends to the fastening joints 9a and 9b (rotatable part of the fastening joint) and at their second ends to the movable ends of hydraulic cylinders 10a and 10b which pivot the grippers 6a and 6b. The clamps 8a-8c are also attached at their first ends to the fasteners 9a and 9b, but at such an angle relative to the pivot arms 11a and 11b that the clamps 8a-8c are, as shown in Figure 3, separated from each other when the movable ends of the hydraulic cylinders 10a and 10b attached to the swing arms 11a and 11b are set to their shortest length (as shown in the figures).
    Seen in the direction of Figure 1, in a manner shown in Figures 2b and 3, the shape of the clamps 8a-8c in the grippers 6a and 6b curves in the direction of the tree trunk to be taken between them, and becomes narrower in the direction of their ends. However, they have a slightly smaller arcuate, as shown in Figure 2a, than the pruning blades 4a and 4b located on their front side, which are pivotable towards the tree trunk and which are usually to be shaped so as to surround them. tree trunks of different sizes, which are to be pruned, within a diameter area that is planned as evenly as possible. The purpose of the design of the clamps 8a-8c in the grippers 6a and 6b has been that they would hold several tree trunks, which may have quite different diameters and belong to the size class of energy timber, at a time in the grip of the multi-purpose harvester assembly using only one gripper.
    The clamps 8a and 8b of the right gripper are separated by a spacer 8d slightly further apart so that in the above-mentioned manner they constitute two clamps at a distance from each other. In the left gripper, the single clamp 8c consists of two adjacent sheet metal pieces, which simultaneously form the pivot arm of the gripper and which are attached next to and close to each other and connected to each other by an intermediate piece 8e extending all the way to their tips. The single clamping device 8c in the left gripping device 6b is placed relative to the clamping devices 8a and 8b of the right gripping device 6a in such a way that it is possible to turn between them. As seen in Figure 2b, the spacer 8d between the clamps 8a and 8b of the right gripper in this application is further designed so that when facing the right gripper 6a the clamp 8c is controlled by the left gripper 6b halfway the distance between the clamps 8a and 8b of the right gripper 6a.
    The counterpiece 7 to be attached to the frame of the multi-purpose harvester assembly in this case consists of two support pieces 13 and 14, which come transversely to the frame, are suitably shaped arcuately from the side of the tree trunks and are attached at a distance from each other by means of of a spacer 15 extending in the longitudinal direction of the frame. Of the support pieces 13 and 14, the rear support piece 13 (on the side of the chain saw) is provided with fastening discs 15a and 15b which are made in a suitable size and shape so that they can be used to screw the counterpiece 7 to fastening points in the motors for the upper feed rollers. from boreholes 17 made opposite threaded boreholes at attachment points in the attachment plates 15a and 15b. On the side of the support piece 14 of the existing front piece (on the side of the pruning blades), a sleeve-shaped support element 18 has been arranged in order to be supported against the front part of the middle part of the frame 1 and to enable the counter piece 7 to be attached at this point by means of a pin. or screw that fits in the frame 1. The purpose of the counterpart 7 is to provide the frame 1 with abutment surfaces, against which the tree trunks cut with the multi-purpose harvester assembly are pressed with the pivotable grippers 6a and 6b. The purpose of the design of support pieces 13 and 14 for the support piece 7 has been that the tree trunks should during their treatment be kept as good as possible in the grip of the grippers 6a and 6b and the pruning blades 4a and 4b.
    When the multi-purpose harvester assembly shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b is used for final felling, the grippers 6a and 6b and the counterpart 7 shown in Figures 2a and 2b are exchanged for normal, in a manner known per se realized upper feed rollers and for the tree trunk. reversible feed rollers.
    In this case, the multi-use harvester unit also functionally corresponds to a harvester unit known per se, ie the use of the multi-use harvester unit in the final fellings takes place in a manner known per se.
    When the multi-purpose harvester head is used to drive energy wood, the feed rollers are replaced with the grippers 6a and 6b and the counterpart 7 shown in figure 3 or 4. This can of course be done before the work machine is moved to the forest or when the work machine is in the forest, if only the necessary the tools and parts are included. In the first step of the actual felling work, the pruning blades 4a and 4b which are facing the tree trunk and the grippers 6a and 6b are used instead of the upper feed rollers and the rotatable feed rollers to grip the trunk of the first tree to be cut in such a way that the chain saw 5, which is used as the cutting device, is placed in a manner known per se at the root end of the tree. After this, the tree trunk is cut in a normal manner by means of a cutting movement of the chain saw's blade flange. In general, tree trunks, which are cut for energy timber, have a much smaller diameter than tree trunks of trees used as utility timber. Because of this, in order to have the efficiency of the function at a profitable level relative to its costs, it must be possible to take several of these tree trunks, which are clearly thinner than usual, in the grip of the multi-purpose harvester head. In the application of Figures 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b, after cutting the first tree trunk, the cut tree trunk is held in a grip by the pruning blades 4a and 4b and the grippers 6a and 6b at the same time as the multi-purpose harvester assembly is moved to the root end of the next tree to be by using the forestry machine or its crane. Seen in the direction of Figures 1a and 2a, the left reversible gripper 6b is used to hold the first cut tree trunk in place at the same time as the multi-use harvester assembly is moved adjacent the root end of the second tree. Adjacent to the root end of the tree, the pruning blades 4a and 4b and the right gripper 6a (with two clamps) are rotated open, the left gripper 6b holding the present tree trunk further in place, in the grip of the multi-purpose harvester assembly. When the second tree trunk has also been grasped by the pruning blades 4a and 4b and the right gripper 6a, the cutting of this tree is performed. Then move the multi-purpose harvester head to the root end of a new tree. During the move, both grippers 6a and 6b are opened and closed, but the pruning blades 4a and 4b are kept tightly pressed against the tree trunks. As a result of this opening and closing, both preceding tree trunks are also obtained between the left gripper 6b and the counterpart 7, whereas before this opening and closing the first tree trunk was between the left gripper 6b and the counterpiece 7 and the second tree trunk was between the right the gripper 6a and the left gripper 6b. In other words, by opening and closing the two grippers 6a and 6b, one can get the two preceding tree trunks in such a position that they can be held in the multi-purpose harvester assembly when a third tree trunk is gripped again with only the left gripper 6b. The gripping of the third tree trunk takes place in the same way as the gripping of the second tree trunk, ie. the pruning blades 4a and 6b and the right gripper 6a are opened before the multi-purpose harvester assembly reaches the root end of the third tree. In the way described above, you can also take a fourth and a fifth tree trunk, etc. in the multi-purpose harvester unit, if these are so thin that they fit well enough between the left gripper and the counterpart. When there are no more room for tree trunks, they gather in a pile of cut tree trunks. After this, the cutting of trees can be continued by first moving the empty multi-purpose harvester head to the root end of a new first tree and, after its cutting, continuing the operation again in the manner described above.
    Figure 4 shows grippers 20a and 20b which deviate slightly from the grippers to be mounted instead of feed rollers according to Figure 3, and a counterpart 22, detached from the multi-purpose harvester assembly according to the invention. The difference from the grippers shown in Figure 3 is that in the application according to Figure 4 the left gripper 20b comprises a two-part clamping device 21a-21c. It consists of a first clamping device 21a and a second clamping device 21b, between which there is a joint 21c, i.e. the second clamping member 21b is attached to the first clamping member 21a in a rotatable manner. To rotate the second clamp 21b in connection with the joint 21c, there is a torsion spring which rotates the second clamp 21b clockwise relative to the first clamp 21a and a reading (not shown in the figures) which prevents the second clamp from rotating relative to the first clamp more. open than the tip part of the corresponding gripper in a part, i.e. so that the first clamping device 21a and the second clamping device 21b lie at a right angle relative to each other but still allow the rotation of the second clamping device from this position inwards. The torsion spring is such that it rotates the second clamping device so that it tends to open towards the locking between the clamping devices 21a and 21b. In other words, when the clamps are unloaded, they tend to stay in the shape of the clamp in a corresponding one-piece gripper. Thanks to such a function, the second clamping member 21b forms a kind of gate which opens inwards and makes it possible to fit new tree trunks between the grippers 20a and 20b by opening the grippers 20a and 20b smaller. With such a two-part clamp 21a-21c in the left gripper 20a, one can thus still improve the gripper's ability to treat several tree trunks at a time, thus making it easier in the previous application to cut more than one tree trunk without moving the previous tree trunk and dropping it on a pile of cut tree trunks. In the application of Figure 4, the right gripper 20a and the counterpart 22 fully correspond to the gripper 6a and the counterpiece 7 shown in Figures 2a and 3.
    Furthermore, the multi-use harvester assembly according to the method according to the invention can be realized to a large extent in a manner which does not occur in the example applications presented above. Figures 5 and 6 show, for example, a solution in which the gripper 30a and 30b of the multi-purpose harvester assembly are further realized in a manner which deviates from the application according to Figure 4, so that also the clamping devices of the right gripper 30a are made in two parts. Thus, the clamping means of the gripping means 30a comprise a first element 32a, to which second clamping elements 32b and 32c are attached through joints 32d and 32e. The second clamping element 31b of the gripping device 30b is attached to the first clamping element 31a through a joint 31c in a manner corresponding to the application of Figure 4. The counterpart 33 also fully corresponds to counterparts of the previous applications. In some application which still differs from the previous one, the grippers 10 to be mounted instead of the feed rollers could be realized e.g. so that the left gripper also comprises two next to each other, separately from each other existing clamping elements. Also in this case, the clamping devices are such that they turn upside down, seen from the side direction. In addition, the clamping means of both or only one of the gripping means in such an application may consist of two clamping elements which are fastened by a joint one after the other in the manner described above. It should still be noted that in the clamps of grippers provided with two-part clamps the rotation of the other clamps can in some application be so realized that they are rotated relative to the first clamps by means of a suitable drive, such as e.g. a hydraulic cylinder. The method according to the invention and the multi-use harvester assembly should also not be limited in other respects to the exemplary applications presented above, but it can be varied within the scope of the inventive idea determined in the patent claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    A method for increasing the versatile use of a harvester head, in which method tree trunks are treated with the harvester head comprising a frame (1) and feed rollers (6 ') which can be turned at least against the tree trunk being treated, at least one pruning blade (4a-4c ) and at least one cutting device (5), characterized in that at least the feed rollers facing the tree trunk are removed from the harvester unit and instead grippers are mounted (6a, 6b; 20a, 20b; 30a, 30b) provided with immovable gripping surfaces (8a-8c 21a-21c; 31a-31c, 32a-32e) for treating several tree trunks at a time.
    [2]
    Method according to claim 1, in which method tree trunks are treated with a harvester assembly which comprises, in addition to feed rollers to be turned towards the tree trunk, also upper feed rollers which are rotated with drive devices, characterized in that the upper feed rollers and drive devices are also removed from the harvester assembly. for their rotation.
    [3]
    Harvesting unit comprising a frame (1) and at least feed rollers that can be turned towards the tree trunk being treated, at least one pruning blade (4a-4c) and at least one cutting device (5), characterized in that at least the feed rollers facing the tree trunk are removed and instead of these, grippers (6a, 6b; 20a, 20b; 30a, 30b) are provided provided with immovable gripping surfaces (8a-8c; 21a-21c; 31a-31c, 32a-32e) for treating several tree trunks. at a time.
    [4]
    Multi-use harvester assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the gripper comprises a fastening joint (9a, 9b) to be attached to the body (1) of the multi-use harvester assembly, and at least one clamping device (8a-8c; 21a-21c; 31a-31c, 32a-32e), which can be turned against tree trunks to be treated with the multi-purpose harvester head.
    [5]
    Multi-purpose harvester assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that the grippers comprise at least one pivot arm (11a, 11b) extending in a different direction as the clamping device (8a-8c; 21a-21c; 31a-31c, 32a-32e), on which the movable end of the drive means (10a, 10b) for rotating the clamping means (8a-8c; 21a-21c; 31a-31c, 32a-32e) against the tree trunk is fixed. 10 15 20 25 30 35 12
    [6]
    Multi-purpose harvester assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the gripper (6a) located on the first side of the frame (1) comprises two clamping devices (8a, 8b) at a distance from each other, and that on the other side of the frame (1) The existing gripper comprises a clamping device (8c; 21a-c; 31a-31c) which is located mainly between the clamping devices (8a, 8b) located on the first side in the longitudinal direction of tree trunks which are taken into the multi-purpose harvester assembly.
    [7]
    Multi-purpose harvester assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one (21a-21c; 31a-31c, 32a-32e) of the clamping means (8a-8c; 21a-21c; 31a-31c, 32a-32e) consists of two clamping elements (21a , 21b; 31a-31c, 32a-32e) which are rotatably attached to each other by a joint (21c; 32d, 32e).
    [8]
    Multi-use harvester assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that between the first clamping element (21a; 31a, 32a) and the second clamping element (21b; 31b, 32b, 32c) there is a lock which is arranged to limit the rotation of the second the clamping element (21b; 31b, 32b, 32c) relative to the first clamping element (21a; 31a, 32a), and that between the first clamping element (21a; 31a, 32a) and the second clamping element (21b; 31b, 32b, 32c) there is a spring arranged to turn the second clamping element (21b; 31b, 32b, 32c) outwards relative to the first clamping element (21a; 31b, 32b, 32c) towards the reading between the clamping elements (21a, 21b; 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b, 32c).
    [9]
    Multi-purpose harvester assembly according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the clamping device (21a-21c) consisting of two elements (21a, 21b) is a single clamping device on one side of the body (1).
    [10]
    Multi-purpose harvester assembly according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the clamping device (32a-32e) is a clamping device consisting of three elements (32a, 32b, 32c) on one side of the body (1) and comprising two other clamping elements (32b, 32c) which are rotatably attached by joints (32d, 32e) to a first clamping element (32a).
    [11]
    Multi-purpose harvester assembly according to one of Claims 3 to 10, characterized in that at least one counterpart (7) is attached to the body (1) of the multi-purpose harvester assembly in addition to the grippers (6a, 6b; 20a, 20b; 30a, 30b). ; 22; 32) to support tree trunks from the opposite side of the grippers (6a, 6b; 20a, 20b; 30a, 30b).
    [12]
    Multi-purpose harvester assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that the counterpart (7; 22; 32) comprises at least one element (13, 14) which comes against the tree trunks which are taken into the multi-purpose harvester assembly, and an element (15a, 15b) separated therefrom, on which element (13, 14) which comes against the tree trunks is attached and which can be attached in a detachable manner to fastening structures for feed rollers in the frame (1).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI20105516A0|2010-05-11|
    FI20105516A|2011-11-12|
    FI123197B|2012-12-14|
    SE536176C2|2013-06-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20105516A|FI123197B|2010-05-11|2010-05-11|A method for increasing the versatility of a harvester head and a multifunction harvester head|
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